Oligonucleotides have shown efficient therapeutic effects in various fields, indicating their potential for disease treatment. However, due to poor in vivo stability, ineffective cellular uptake, and off-target effects including immune stimulation, […]
1.Nutrient Agar (NA) Formula: Beef extract: 3g Peptone: 5g Sodium chloride: 5g Agar: 15-20g Distilled water: 1000mL Preparation Method: Add all components to water and heat while stirring until completely […]
As a vital drug modality, the field of oligonucleotide development will continue to expand and strengthen in the coming years. Oligonucleotide therapeutics are a class of medicines composed of short […]
The main challenge in RNA and other nucleic acid-based therapeutics is how to deliver genetic information to target cells in the body. This barrier is currently being addressed, partly due […]
Apoptosis Definition: Apoptosis refers to a highly organized, gene-controlled process in which cells actively undergo death. It plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and eliminating damaged, aging, or […]
Structure of nucleic acids is a big concept in biophysics. Nucleic acid structure is multi-level, multi-complex and unified: Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures constitute the full spatial conformation and […]
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) plays a critical role in cellular diversity and gene expression and may offer more drug targets than proteins. However, due to their small size and relatively poor […]
In recent years, the research on novel vaccines such as nucleic acid vaccines, genetically engineered vaccines, and synthetic peptide vaccines has made rapid progress. However, compared to traditional inactivated or live […]
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone secreted by intestinal L cells in response to dietary intake. Within minutes after a meal, GLP-1 is released from the L cells in the […]
For a drug to exert its effect, it must bind to the corresponding target. Drug targets mainly include enzymes, receptors, ion channels, hormones, and cytokines. Small molecules that bind to […]