Proteasome is the main pathway by which misfolded proteins and other proteins are proteolyzed during protein synthesis. It is found in all eukaryotic cells, archaea and some bacteria and is […]
Antibiotics have highly effective bacteriostatic effects and are widely used in the prevention and treatment of human and animal diseases. The antibacterial mechanism of antibiotics mainly includes hindering the synthesis […]
Background of Dopamine and Its Receptors In 1957, the Swedish scientist Arvid Carlsson first discovered dopamine and proposed that dopamine is not only a precursor of norepinephrine, it is also […]
Compared with biological drugs, small molecule drugs have greater advantages in R&D cost and process maturity, and they are still the main battlefield for drug research and development. According to […]
With the continuous development of molecular biology technology, the relationship between gene mutations and diseases has gained more and more in-depth understanding. Nucleic acids have attracted much attention because of […]
1. Chemistry Modification Chemical modification represents one of the most effective approaches to enhance oligonucleotide drug delivery. Modification of the nucleic acid backbone, the ribose sugar moiety and the nucleobase […]
Cell culture refers to a method that simulates the internal environment (sterile, suitable temperature, pH, and certain nutritional conditions, etc.) in vitro to make it survive, grow, reproduce and maintain […]
In recent years, immunotherapy aimed at reactivating weakened immune cells in cancer patients has achieved remarkable results, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic […]
What is nanomedicine Nanomaterials refer to materials with a spatial size of 1-100 nm (see Figure 1). Nanomedicine refers to various types of nanomaterials that can play a role in […]
Introduction to RNA vaccines RNA vaccines are composed of the nucleic acid RNA, which encode antigen genes of an infectious agent. When administered to host cells, the RNA is translated […]